癌症患者的frailty，需要我们关注

癌症患者的frailty，需要我们关注

袁霆

骨科学博士

上海交通大学硕士研究生导师

上海市第六人民医院骨科副主任医师

上海市第六人民医院骨肿瘤科副主任医师

癌症或骨肿瘤的患者，尤其是年纪比较大的，容易处于”frailty”的状态。Frailty，翻译成中文，可以是“虚弱”，或“脆弱”，但与英文的原意并不完全符合。英文中，关于frailty，至今也没有一个能广泛被认可的定义。

Frailty，是一种确实存在的病理状态，这种状态，会让患者的术后并发症升高，化疗副作用的承受力下降，甚至导致死亡。而对于恶性骨肿瘤的患者，无论是疾病本身，或是手术，化疗，放疗等，都会带给患者焦虑或恐慌，导致frailty。

骨科其他领域的患者，如骨折和手术，几乎不会导致frailty，因为无论是医生还是患者，都对治疗充满希望，对回归社会满怀期待，属于正能量。而正能量的情绪会增加治疗的疗效。

目前医学的发展，过多注重手术的技术，放化疗对肿瘤的杀灭率，忽视了患者本身的整体状态。影响因子187分的顶级医学杂志CA CANCER J CLIN在2017年的文章Frailty and Cancer: Implications for Oncology Surgery, Medical Oncology, and Radiation Oncology给出了比较详细的数据，值得所有人读一读。

> The concept of frailty has become increasingly recognized as one of the most important issues in health care and health outcomes and is of particular importance in patients with cancer who are undergoing surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. However, defining frailty can be challenging.

> Frailty is a complex, multidimensional, and cyclical state of diminished physiologic reserve that results in decreased resiliency and adaptive capacity and increased vulnerability to stressors.

> It has been demonstrated that frail patients are at increased risk of postoperative complications, chemotherapy intolerance, disease progression, and death. Although international standardization of frailty cutoff points is needed, continued efforts by oncology physicians and surgeons to identify frailty and promote multidisciplinary decision making will help to develop more individualized management strategies and optimize care for patients with cancer.1

1.      Ethun CG, Bilen MA, Jani AB, Maithel SK, Ogan K, Master VA. Frailty and cancer: Implications for oncology surgery, medical oncology, and radiation oncology. CA Cancer J Clin 2017;67:362-77.